Neway Training Solutions - Rail engineering and safety training programs in Derby, UK. Northwest Railroad Institute - Offers a six-month training program in railroad operations; Vancouver, Washington. OpenTrack Simulation of Railway Networks - Simulation developed at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and now used by the railway industry ... 25 feet of the nearest rail upon the approach of a train and be no closer than 5 meters or 15 feet of the nearest rail when train passes. Seat belt use is required when operating machines so equipped and when driving or riding in vehicles. This requirement is optional when on the rail but their use is recommended General Safety RequirementsCertificates. Harsco Rail is currently registered to ISO 9001:2015 and has been registered for over 25 years. ISO 9001:2015 registration gives Harsco Rail the benefit of having an objectively evaluated and enforced quality management system. In effect, registration to this standard is a tangible expression of Harsco Rail's commitment to quality ...Independent Inspection- or Certification-Body for a wide range of national and international standards (e.g. EN/ISO/IEC/UIC) und rules (e.g. BOStrab) Experience and Competence With our extensive experience of international railway projects we are a leading provider of services related to the assessment and certification of rail and transport ... Union PacificThe badge type and template is then uploaded onto e-RAILSAFE CANADA and is available for use. Prospective badge recipients are instructed to have a photo taken so that it can be uploaded into the system via their e-FILE. • The photo is automatically incorporated into the appropriate design template by the system and an ID Badge is created ...Once the training has been completed the individual will be able to print a Certificate of Completion, good for 2 years, which they should have accessible while on Union Pacific properties. Questions about an UP-PAT account and website: 800-560-6435 or [email protected]. Questions about Union Pacific's UP-PAT program eligibility or ...You can conveniently access the live status of Indian Railways trains through the Tripozo Train Running Status or Spot Your Train online services. The real-time information available includes the train's current location, its most recent departure station, any delays, as well as the anticipated arrival or departure times at upcoming stations. To become a train engineer, one must obtain certification from the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). FRA certification and licensure exist to ensure that all train engineers meet a standard that ensures the efficiency and safety of locomotive travel. Typically obtained after gaining on-the-job training with a railway, prospective engineers ...Training Class Requested *. Estimated # of Attendees *. First Date & Time Requested *. Second Date & Time Requested *. An additional $200 per class will be assessed for classes scheduled on weekends or holidays, night classes, or classes with an interpreter. (Customer provides their own interpreter if needed.) Company Name *. Program Fee: $18.00 for training, testing and credentialing plus the cost of the international report *(price varies per country) Adding an Applicant to a Location To Add an Applicant First: Choose the location during the add an applicant function, before clicking Save. The applicant will appear under the specified location.The Emergency Response to Accidents Involving Livestock (ERAIL) program is designed to provide training and resources for people that may be responding to accidents involving animals. This program focuses on providing a network of highly trained, skilled individuals that have the tools and equipment needed to complete an effective and efficient ...Safety training requirements may be accomplished by registering with ISNetWorld (ISN) at www.isn.com and completing the required safety training. In addition to the training found within ISN, all contractors working within 25 feet of the rail on CSX property will be required to complete the CSX Roadway Worker Protection Training through RailPros.In the North American system, AAR Technical Standards are supported by industry checks and balances in regards to liability, certification tests and analysis, service trials, inspections, and industry notifications of performance problems. This system functions with the cooperation of the AAR, railroads, and suppliers, all supported by industry ... State Safety Oversight (SSO) Program. The purpose of the State Safety Oversight program is to oversee safety at rail transit systems. The SSO program is administered by eligible states with rail transit systems in their jurisdiction. FTA provides federal funds through the SSO Formula Grant Program for eligible states to develop or carry out ... e-RAILSAFE CANADA offers a wide range of industry-relevant screening solutions that can be used on an Ad-hoc basis or as part of a program that can be created and administered via the system. HOW IT WORKS. Organizations subscribe and then login in to electronically order and retrieve background reports and data.EN50155 is a railway certification that validates the reliability of railway computers to be installed onto rolling stock. Railway computers undergo strict performance tests, such as wide power input and temperature ranges, that prove the reliability to operate in railway applications without maintenance.Bureau Veritas is the world’s leading provider of certification to ISO/TS 22163 (formerly known as IRIS), a globally recognized quality management system standard specific to the rail sector. Certification and auditing for ISO/TS 22163 and other standards support you in meeting regulatory requirements. They also support you to improve the ... Apr 29, 2009 · About Us In Our Communities Safety eRailSafe Union Pacific Railroad's policy is to protect the safety of all personnel, property, rail operations and the public in the completion of any contracted work. One way the Union Pacific ensures this is Union Pacific's Access Control policy which is administered by eRailSafe. Need help? NARS Affiliation and History. Founded in 1988, NARS trains individuals seeking to join the industry, Current employees of Class I and short line railroads, and people who works with railroad facilities in other industries. Based on a collaborative partnership between Johnson County Community College (JCCC) and BNSF Railway, one of North America ...SafeNet System: The Argenia Railway Technologies’ Positive Train Control (PTC) system (SafeNet System) is a non-vital overlay PTC system, as defined in 49 CFR § 236.1015 (e) (1). The SafeNet System is designed to support the Nashville & Eastern Railroad (NERR) and its method of operation. The SafeNet System will be used in conjunction with ...Previously, he has held roles as an engine service officer and a supervisor of locomotive engineers at Canadian National Railways. Additionally, this expert has worked as the director and locomotive trainer specialist at E Rail Training and as a technical training manager at Saudi Railway Polytechnic Project. Railway Time Table, PNR Status, Seats Availability, Train Running Status, Train Route, Trains between station, Reservation, Booking, Refund Rules, FeedbackThe World Safety Organization, Inc. (WSO) established four certification categories for the rail and bus transportation industry: Certified Safety Specialist, Certified Safety and Security Director, Certified Safety Manager, and Certified Safety Executive. Certification is an important step in determining a basic level of competence that is ...Follow the step-by-step instructions below to design your inspection checklist 214523: Select the document you want to sign and click Upload. Choose My Signature. Decide on what kind of signature to create. There are three variants; a typed, drawn or uploaded signature. Create your signature and click Ok. Press Done.NDT Ultrasonic technician- National Rail certification III - Track inspector, certifier Rail Operations III - Train Driver assistant. Protection Officer II - ARTC <br>Protection Officer II - (TWA) Queensland Rail /Aurizon<br>Track machine operator. <br>working at heights, pole top rescue<br>LVR and 1st AID <br><br> | Learn more about Erin Ginn's work experience, education, connections & more ...Railway standards directly relevant to electrical, mechanical systems and civils structures for specific products and railway sub-systems Our experts can provide a system safety assessment with an ISA and certification service portfolio that covers the entire technical spectrum of a complete railway project, including:Independent Inspection- or Certification-Body for a wide range of national and international standards (e.g. EN/ISO/IEC/UIC) und rules (e.g. BOStrab) Experience and Competence With our extensive experience of international railway projects we are a leading provider of services related to the assessment and certification of rail and transport ... Program Fee: $18.00 for training, testing and credentialing plus the cost of the international report *(price varies per country) Adding an Applicant to a Location To Add an Applicant First: Choose the location during the add an applicant function, before clicking Save. The applicant will appear under the specified location.e-RAILSAFE CANADA offers a wide range of industry-relevant screening solutions that can be used on an Ad-hoc basis or as part of a program that can be created and administered via the system. HOW IT WORKS. Organizations subscribe and then login in to electronically order and retrieve background reports and data.Jul 25, 2018 · The new rule (49 C.F.R. Part 672) implements FTA’s statutory requirements at 49 U.S.C. § 5329 (c). The Training Rule sets forth federal requirements for the certification and training of State Safety Oversight Agency (SSOA) personnel and contractors who conduct safety audits and examinations of rail transit systems and rail transit agency ... eRailSafe Canada Support Line –Live help available Monday-Friday 8:30 AM – 5:30 PM EST . By Phone: (888) 351-1369Enhanced Training and Testing Assign training and testing by clicking the small triangle next to the appropriate folder. Then select the appropriate program. Testing appears after training is completed. Training Program Costs (per applicant): • UP SMS program: $2 • UP DTL-eRailSafe driver training: $5 • CN programs: $4NDT Ultrasonic technician- National Rail certification III - Track inspector, certifier Rail Operations III - Train Driver assistant. Protection Officer II - ARTC <br>Protection Officer II - (TWA) Queensland Rail /Aurizon<br>Track machine operator. <br>working at heights, pole top rescue<br>LVR and 1st AID <br><br> | Learn more about Erin Ginn's work experience, education, connections & more ...For persons that prefer online training, the CPO® Fusion option combines the online Pool Operator Primer with one day of the CPO® in-class program and the monitored examination. Step One: Purchase the PHTA Pool Operator Primer (POP) program $225 · CLICK HERE. Step Two: Study and Complete the Pool Operator Primer.Online Training & Testing. Delivering training and testing online empowers personnel with the flexibility needed to balance their compliance requirements with the demands of their daily work routine and personal life. TutorRITE is an online solution that facilitates the creation and delivery of vital compliance information to targeted or widely ...RailPros delivers and develops high-quality safety, compliance, and technical training, as well as targeted services and products to the railroad industry. Our ever-growing list of training programs, including Roadway Worker Protection and Track Safety Standards, is 49 CFR 243 approved. Our clients include more than 3,700 railroad entities ... You can read it here. FRA's Office of Railroad Safety promotes and regulates safety throughout the Nation's railroad industry. The office executes its regulatory and inspection responsibilities through a diverse staff of railroad safety experts. The staff includes nearly 400 Federal safety inspectors who specialize in one of six technical ...infrastructure assessments, rail safety assessments, and using these assessments to inform and advise the combatant commander on the employment of rail in a theater of operations. Additionally, the ERC is capable of partnering with host nation (HN) rail organizations and advising and assisting in the effective management of its railway system. MMRA, a member of the Mott MacDonald Group, was established in 2004 to provide assurance and certification services to all areas of the railway industry. MMRA is an independent and impartial organisation which draws on a wealth of professional rail experience to offer a truly exceptional level of technical capability and service. Welcome To The New eRailSafe 2.0. eRailSafe is the Class 1 and ShortLine industry standard for contractor safety and security management for Railroads and the vendors that serve them. eRailSafe enables Class I and ShortLine Railroads to monitor and maintain a history of all contractor employees that have access to their property.Direct costs of even one workplace safety incident on average is a minimum of $40,000 – but this is just the tip of a very expensive iceberg, as one must also consider the indirect costs. Safety costs range from $47,000 per accident to $1.2 million per fatality according to the National Safety Council (NSC). Suppliers improve 7-8%, per year ...Program Fee: $105- $109 depending on the number of railroads selected. There is also an annual service fee based on ordering activity each year. Volume will be reviewed by eVerifile at the end of each calendar year. A fee of $125 will be applied in January of the following year for accounts with usage between 0-9. with the Railway Accounting Rule 260 Code as a company’s identification for various tariff and accounting applications. The reporting mark is stenciled on its equipment. The requirements for the assignment of all railroad reporting marks are outlined in . Circular Letter OT-5. D. Reporting Marks for Rail Equipment The cost per employee is $70. This includes a background check, awareness training and testing, and a badge. Renewals must occur every 2 years to stay compliant. Important notes on processing applicants: Confirm that a credit card is on file in your company account. Otherwise, you will not be able to process applicants through eRailSafe. Previously, he has held roles as an engine service officer and a supervisor of locomotive engineers at Canadian National Railways. Additionally, this expert has worked as the director and locomotive trainer specialist at E Rail Training and as a technical training manager at Saudi Railway Polytechnic Project. Certificates. Harsco Rail is currently registered to ISO 9001:2015 and has been registered for over 25 years. ISO 9001:2015 registration gives Harsco Rail the benefit of having an objectively evaluated and enforced quality management system. In effect, registration to this standard is a tangible expression of Harsco Rail's commitment to quality ...ONLINE TRAINING. Click “Select Courses” below to visit our online course catalog. You will be prompted to login or create a login if you do not already have one. Add your required courses to your cart and check out. You can select multiple courses in the same transaction. Select Courses. Contact Training.State Safety Oversight (SSO) Program. The purpose of the State Safety Oversight program is to oversee safety at rail transit systems. The SSO program is administered by eligible states with rail transit systems in their jurisdiction. FTA provides federal funds through the SSO Formula Grant Program for eligible states to develop or carry out ... Bureau Veritas is the world’s leading provider of certification to ISO/TS 22163 (formerly known as IRIS), a globally recognized quality management system standard specific to the rail sector. Certification and auditing for ISO/TS 22163 and other standards support you in meeting regulatory requirements.In the North American system, AAR Technical Standards are supported by industry checks and balances in regards to liability, certification tests and analysis, service trials, inspections, and industry notifications of performance problems. This system functions with the cooperation of the AAR, railroads, and suppliers, all supported by industry ... Preparing the PS&E: Environmental Requirements. Preparing the PS&E: Utility Coordination and Certification Requirements. Preparing the PS&E: Railroad Coordination and Certification Requirements. Preparing the PS&E: Right-of-Way Coordination and Certification Requirements. Operations: Purchasing Intelligent Traffic Systems (ITS) and Traffic ...Module A: EN 50126 (IEC 62278) – RAMS. Module A on “Functional Safety in the Rail Industry” is a one-day introduction to the individual CENELEC standards, designed to provide a general overview and outline the main planning activities in safety-related rail development. EN 50126 focuses on aspects of RAMS, influencing factors and risk ...Neway Training Solutions - Rail engineering and safety training programs in Derby, UK. Northwest Railroad Institute - Offers a six-month training program in railroad operations; Vancouver, Washington. OpenTrack Simulation of Railway Networks - Simulation developed at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and now used by the railway industry ...NDT Ultrasonic technician- National Rail certification III - Track inspector, certifier Rail Operations III - Train Driver assistant. Protection Officer II - ARTC <br>Protection Officer II - (TWA) Queensland Rail /Aurizon<br>Track machine operator. <br>working at heights, pole top rescue<br>LVR and 1st AID <br><br> | Learn more about Erin Ginn's work experience, education, connections & more ...RailPros delivers and develops high-quality safety, compliance, and technical training, as well as targeted services and products to the railroad industry. Our ever-growing list of training programs, including Roadway Worker Protection and Track Safety Standards, is 49 CFR 243 approved. Our clients include more than 3,700 railroad entities ... Welcome To The New eRailSafe 2.0. eRailSafe is the Class 1 and ShortLine industry standard for contractor safety and security management for Railroads and the vendors that serve them. eRailSafe enables Class I and ShortLine Railroads to monitor and maintain a history of all contractor employees that have access to their property.level of security possible we are working with eVERIFILE Inc., to provide credentials and training to - qualified contract personnel through eRailsafe. The eRailsafe program is an industry standard among the U.S. Class 1 railroads providingsafety testing and training, background screening and contractor badging.ETCS (European Train Control System) – A learning experience. April 28, 2011. Network Rail was justly proud when the UK’s first operational ETCS (European Train Control System) was commissioned back in October 2010 on the short Harlech-Pwllheli section of the Cambrian Coast line. This was reported in Issue 74 (December 2010) of the rail ...TÜV SÜD is your experienced service provider for the Rail industry. TÜV SÜD has more than 50 years of experience as a rail testing company and partner to the rail industry. Our technical experts have extensive specialist know-how in assessment, testing and inspection for all types of systems and subsystems in the rail transport and rolling ...We take pride in providing customized on-site training, personally delivered by our experienced staff and focused on safe operating practices that meet or exceed all regulatory requirements. Our instructors have decades of experience working, supervising and teaching. Simply put, we are the best rail training provider in the industry.We take pride in providing customized on-site training, personally delivered by our experienced staff and focused on safe operating practices that meet or exceed all regulatory requirements. Our instructors have decades of experience working, supervising and teaching. Simply put, we are the best rail training provider in the industry.Railway standards directly relevant to electrical, mechanical systems and civils structures for specific products and railway sub-systems Our experts can provide a system safety assessment with an ISA and certification service portfolio that covers the entire technical spectrum of a complete railway project, including: Rail, Port, and Cargo. Safe rail, port, and cargo operations are crucial to a successful deployment and require prior planning and training. These operations demand the commitment of commanders and leaders at every level to apply the principles of risk management (see DA PAM 385-30) and ensure Soldiers execute tasks to standard.Mar 8, 2023 · Rail transportation of hazardous materials in the United States is recognized to be the safest land-based method of moving large quantities of chemicals over long distances. Recent statistics show that the rail industry's safety performance, as a whole, is improving. In particular, the vast majority of hazardous materials shipped by rail tank ... Railroad Safety Inspectors must be able to obtain and retain a Government contractor-issued travel card to be used for official business as a condition of employment. There is a required credit check as part of the pre-employment process. Employees who do not retain their card during employment may be subject to removal from the Federal service.The badge type and template is then uploaded onto e-RAILSAFE CANADA and is available for use. Prospective badge recipients are instructed to have a photo taken so that it can be uploaded into the system via their e-FILE. • The photo is automatically incorporated into the appropriate design template by the system and an ID Badge is created ...Online Training & Testing. Delivering training and testing online empowers personnel with the flexibility needed to balance their compliance requirements with the demands of their daily work routine and personal life. TutorRITE is an online solution that facilitates the creation and delivery of vital compliance information to targeted or widely ...In the North American system, AAR Technical Standards are supported by industry checks and balances in regards to liability, certification tests and analysis, service trials, inspections, and industry notifications of performance problems. This system functions with the cooperation of the AAR, railroads, and suppliers, all supported by industry ...Program Fee: $105- $109 depending on the number of railroads selected. There is also an annual service fee based on ordering activity each year. Volume will be reviewed by eVerifile at the end of each calendar year. A fee of $125 will be applied in January of the following year for accounts with usage between 0-9. Program Fee: $105- $109 depending on the number of railroads selected. There is also an annual service fee based on ordering activity each year. Volume will be reviewed by eVerifile at the end of each calendar year. A fee of $125 will be applied in January of the following year for accounts with usage between 0-9. August 28, 2023. The Texas Commission of Licensing and Regulation adopted amendments to an existing rule at 16 Texas Administrative Code (TAC), Chapter 73, §73.100, regarding the Electricians program. The adopted rule is necessary to adopt the 2023 National Electrical Code (NEC) as required by statute.Aug 25, 2023 · August 28, 2023. The Texas Commission of Licensing and Regulation adopted amendments to an existing rule at 16 Texas Administrative Code (TAC), Chapter 73, §73.100, regarding the Electricians program. The adopted rule is necessary to adopt the 2023 National Electrical Code (NEC) as required by statute. Railway standards directly relevant to electrical, mechanical systems and civils structures for specific products and railway sub-systems Our experts can provide a system safety assessment with an ISA and certification service portfolio that covers the entire technical spectrum of a complete railway project, including: 2 Jan 16 – Jan 31, 2022 $0.2900 $0.3200 $0.3727 $0.4113 $1.2852 $3.638 Dec 12 – Dec 26, 2021 Jan 1 – Jan 15, 2022 $0.3050 $0.3300 $0.3888 $0.4206 $1.2746 $3.697 Nov 27 – Dec 11, 2021Program Fee: $18.00 for training, testing and credentialing plus the cost of the international report *(price varies per country) Adding an Applicant to a Location To Add an Applicant First: Choose the location during the add an applicant function, before clicking Save. The applicant will appear under the specified location.Jul 6, 2021 · The Emergency Response to Accidents Involving Livestock (ERAIL) program is designed to provide training and resources for people that may be responding to accidents involving animals. This program focuses on providing a network of highly trained, skilled individuals that have the tools and equipment needed to complete an effective and efficient ... Railway Time Table, PNR Status, Seats Availability, Train Running Status, Train Route, Trains between station, Reservation, Booking, Refund Rules, Feedback NARS Affiliation and History. Founded in 1988, NARS trains individuals seeking to join the industry, Current employees of Class I and short line railroads, and people who works with railroad facilities in other industries. Based on a collaborative partnership between Johnson County Community College (JCCC) and BNSF Railway, one of North America ...
Mar 8, 2023 · Rail transportation of hazardous materials in the United States is recognized to be the safest land-based method of moving large quantities of chemicals over long distances. Recent statistics show that the rail industry's safety performance, as a whole, is improving. In particular, the vast majority of hazardous materials shipped by rail tank ... . Xztw
Safety and Technical Training. BNSF has made a significant investment in safety and technical training for employees. We use a combination of field training, on-the-job training and distance learning to create and sustain our professional workforce. Our technical training is centralized at the Technical Training Center (TTC) where we conduct a ...You can conveniently access the live status of Indian Railways trains through the Tripozo Train Running Status or Spot Your Train online services. The real-time information available includes the train's current location, its most recent departure station, any delays, as well as the anticipated arrival or departure times at upcoming stations. Complete Core Functionality. The eRailSafe system includes all the tools an enterprise level provider needs to manage all their contractors and vendors in the rails, utilities, and venue verticals. Contractor Screening Overview. Contractors Buyers Guide White Paper. eRailSafe Case Study. Sign in. Password is case sensitive data. Sign up Forgot password? Help. The IRIS Certification® Conformity assessment:2020 publication price for IRIS the public is 98€. Please send an email to: [email protected] with the subject: IRIS Certification® Conformity assessment:2020 including a filled-in Purchase Form that can be found here. There should be one purchase form per item you want to purchase. Enhanced Training and Testing Assign training and testing by clicking the small triangle next to the appropriate folder. Then select the appropriate program. Testing appears after training is completed. Training Program Costs (per applicant): • UP SMS program: $2 • UP DTL-eRailSafe driver training: $5 • CN programs: $4You can conveniently access the live status of Indian Railways trains through the Tripozo Train Running Status or Spot Your Train online services. The real-time information available includes the train's current location, its most recent departure station, any delays, as well as the anticipated arrival or departure times at upcoming stations. Direct costs of even one workplace safety incident on average is a minimum of $40,000 – but this is just the tip of a very expensive iceberg, as one must also consider the indirect costs. Safety costs range from $47,000 per accident to $1.2 million per fatality according to the National Safety Council (NSC). Suppliers improve 7-8%, per year ... Independent Inspection- or Certification-Body for a wide range of national and international standards (e.g. EN/ISO/IEC/UIC) und rules (e.g. BOStrab) Experience and Competence With our extensive experience of international railway projects we are a leading provider of services related to the assessment and certification of rail and transport ...MMRA, a member of the Mott MacDonald Group, was established in 2004 to provide assurance and certification services to all areas of the railway industry. MMRA is an independent and impartial organisation which draws on a wealth of professional rail experience to offer a truly exceptional level of technical capability and service. Please Choose Your Country. eRailSafe is Proud to Serve USA and Canada Sign in. Password is case sensitive data. Sign up Forgot password? Help. The IRIS Certification® Conformity assessment:2020 publication price for IRIS the public is 98€. Please send an email to: [email protected] with the subject: IRIS Certification® Conformity assessment:2020 including a filled-in Purchase Form that can be found here. There should be one purchase form per item you want to purchase. A. They should visit the website www.erailsafe.com for details on how to enroll. If they have questions or need assistance the vendor may directly contact eRailSafe at 1-800-560-6435. During the sign up process it is very important that the contractor knows their VENDOR NUMBER.Railroad Safety Inspectors must be able to obtain and retain a Government contractor-issued travel card to be used for official business as a condition of employment. There is a required credit check as part of the pre-employment process. Employees who do not retain their card during employment may be subject to removal from the Federal service.3. Applicants who have never lived in the U.S. will undergo eRailSafe International screening only. Program Fee: $18.00 for training, testing and credentialing plus the cost of the international report *(price varies per country.) *Upon renewal after two years of enrollment, the applicant will undergo standard eRailSafe US screening only.Whether it is face to face instruction in Oklahoma City, or anywhere else in the world, live virtual courses, or web-based training, TSI provides safety training to more than 25,000 people each year. TSI has courses for all modes of travel, covering the transport of either people or material. It is our goal to provide the most up to date ...ONLINE TRAINING. Click “Select Courses” below to visit our online course catalog. You will be prompted to login or create a login if you do not already have one. Add your required courses to your cart and check out. You can select multiple courses in the same transaction. Select Courses. Contact Training.Guardrail Installation Training. This course will provide a broad overview on the installation of guardrails and associated devices, including: assessment of work site topography and site conditions; proper layout of a work site; location, installation, and maintenance of guardrail and terminal sections; documentation of materials, inspections ... Safety and Technical Training. BNSF has made a significant investment in safety and technical training for employees. We use a combination of field training, on-the-job training and distance learning to create and sustain our professional workforce. Our technical training is centralized at the Technical Training Center (TTC) where we conduct a ... Online Training & Testing. Delivering training and testing online empowers personnel with the flexibility needed to balance their compliance requirements with the demands of their daily work routine and personal life. TutorRITE is an online solution that facilitates the creation and delivery of vital compliance information to targeted or widely ....
